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THE HAGUE (Reuters) ? Saif al-Islam Gaddafi is expected to try to surrender to the International Criminal Court or seek refuge in a friendly African country as he races to escape his father's fate.
The Hague-based ICC said on Friday the 39-year-old had been in touch. It urged him to turn himself in, warning it could order a mid-air interception if he and his mercenary guards tried to flee by plane from his desert hideout for a safe haven.
The ICC's comments offered some corroboration of reports from Tripoli's new National Transitional Council (NTC) leaders and African neighbors that he has taken refuge with Tuareg nomads in the borderlands between Libya and Niger.
"Through intermediaries, we have informal contact with Saif," ICC Prosecutor Luis Moreno-Ocampo said in a statement.
"We have learnt through informal channels that there is a group of mercenaries who are offering to move Saif to an African (state) not party to ... the ICC. The Office of the Prosecutor is also exploring the possibility to intercept any plane within the air space of a state party in order to make an arrest."
In Beijing on Saturday, Moreno-Ocampo said Saif al-Islam was saying he would prove he was innocent of alleged crimes against humanity.
NTC officials told Reuters earlier this week that monitoring of satellite calls and other intelligence indicated Saif al-Islam was considering turning himself in to the ICC, and trying to arrange an aircraft to get him there and out of reach of NTC fighters, in whose hands Muammar Gaddafi was killed a week ago.
DESERT FRIENDS
However, surrender is only one option. The Gaddafis made friends with desert tribes in Niger, Mali and other poor former French colonies in West Africa, as well as farther afield in countries like Zimbabwe and Sudan, some of them also recipients of largesse during the 42-year rule of Muammar Gaddafi, a self-styled African "king of kings."
France, a key backer of February's revolt, reminded Africans of obligations to hand over the surviving ICC indictees - former intelligence chief Abdullah al-Senussi and Saif al-Islam.
"We don't care whether he goes on foot, by plane, by boat, by car or on a camel, the only thing that matters is that he belongs in the ICC," said Foreign Ministry spokesman Bernard Valero. "We don't have many details, but the sooner the better."
Niger, Mali, Chad and Burkina Faso, a swathe of arid states to the south of Libya, are all signatories to the treaty that set up the ICC, established to give a permanent international tribunal for crimes against humanity after ad hoc bodies set up for Rwanda, the former Yugoslavia and Sierra Leone.
"If we reach agreement, logistical measures for his transfer will be taken," ICC spokesman Fadi El Abdallah said. "There are different scenarios, depending on what country he is in."
Without its own police force, the ICC depends on cooperation from member states, which do not include world powers the United States, Russia and China.
Algeria, which took in Saif al-Islam's mother, sister, brother Hannibal and half-brother Mohammed, is not a signatory. Nor are Sudan or Robert Mugabe's Zimbabwe.
AFRICAN MERCENARIES
As well as enjoying protection from Tuareg allies who traditionally provided close security for the Gaddafis, Saif al-Islam may still be in the company of mercenaries from elsewhere in Africa, including possibly South Africa, NTC officials say.
A South African newspaper, in an unconfirmed report, said South African mercenaries were working to fly him out.
A bodyguard who saw Saif al-Islam as he fled last week from one of the Gaddafi clan's last bastions near the capital told Reuters that he seemed "nervous" and "confused." He escaped even though his motorcade was hit by a NATO air strike as it left Bani Walid on October 19, the day before his father died in Sirte.
Three of Saif al-Islam's brothers were killed in the war. Another, Saadi, has found refuge in Niger.
The arrest or surrender of Saif al-Islam would bring a new prominence for the nine-year-old ICC, whose highest profile suspect to date is Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir, who remains defiantly in office, defended by many fellow Africans.
Following the killing of Muammar Gaddafi, most probably at the hands of fighters who filmed themselves battering and abusing him, Western allies of Libya's new leaders urged them to impose respect for human rights.
NTC leaders would like to run their own trials, but acknowledge that their writ barely runs in the deep south.
Their NATO allies, now winding up a mission that backed the revolt, have expressed little enthusiasm for hunting a few individuals across a vast tract of empty continent -- though French troops based in West Africa might be best placed to step in with transport if Saif al-Islam did choose to surrender.
The ICC's Moreno-Ocampo said in his statement: "If he surrenders to the ICC, he has the right to be heard in court, he is innocent until proven guilty. The judges will decide.
"If the judges decide that Saif is innocent, or has served his sentence, he can request the judges to send him to a different country as long as that country accepts him."
Saif al-Islam was once seen as a liberal reformer, architect of a rapprochement with Western states on whom his father waged proxy guerrilla wars for decades. But he responded with belligerent rhetoric after the revolt erupted in Libya.
The ICC accuses him of hiring mercenaries to carry out a plan, worked out with his father and Senussi, to kill unarmed protesters inspired by "Arab Spring" uprisings elsewhere.
WARM WELCOME
Niger's government in the capital Niamey has vowed to meet its ICC commitments. But 750 km (400 miles) north in a region where cross-border allegiances among Tuareg nomads often outweigh national ties, the picture looks different.
For now, some of the tens of thousands of people who eke out a living in the deepest Sahara, an expanse roamed by smugglers and nomadic herders, say there would be a welcome for the younger Gaddafi.
"We are ready to hide him wherever needed," said Mouddour Barka, a resident of Agadez in northern Niger. "We are telling the international community to stay out of this business and our own authorities not to hand him over -- otherwise we are ready to go out on to the streets and they will have us to deal with."
Mohamed Anako, president of Agadez region, the size of France, said: "I am ready to welcome him in. For me his case is quite simply a humanitarian one.
"Libya and Niger are brother countries and cousins ... so we will welcome him in."
(Additional reporting by Sara Webb and Aaron Gray-Block in Amsterdam, Samia Nakhoul in London, Mark John in Dakar, Ibrahim Diallo in Agadez and Barry Malone in Tripoli; Editing by Myra MacDonald and Ralph Gowling)
Source: http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/world/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20111029/wl_nm/us_libya
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In this undated photo provided by the Sarasota County Sheriff's Office, a Lego man stands in the water at Siesta Key Public Beach in Sarasota, Fla. Lego man is going to stay in police custody for three months. Lego man, a 100-pound, 8-foot-tall sculpture, didn't do anything wrong except wash up on the beach. Sarasota County Sheriff Tom Knight says his office will hold the fiberglass sculpture for 90 days just like all other lost and found property. During that time, authorities will try to determine who the owner is. (AP Photo/Sarasota County Sheriff's Office)
In this undated photo provided by the Sarasota County Sheriff's Office, a Lego man stands in the water at Siesta Key Public Beach in Sarasota, Fla. Lego man is going to stay in police custody for three months. Lego man, a 100-pound, 8-foot-tall sculpture, didn't do anything wrong except wash up on the beach. Sarasota County Sheriff Tom Knight says his office will hold the fiberglass sculpture for 90 days just like all other lost and found property. During that time, authorities will try to determine who the owner is. (AP Photo/Sarasota County Sheriff's Office)
SARASOTA, Florida (AP) ? Lego man is going to stay in police custody for three months.
Lego man, a 100-pound (45-kilogram), 8-foot(2.4-meter)-tall sculpture, didn't do anything wrong except wash up on a Florida beach. Sarasota County Sheriff Tom Knight says his office will hold the fiberglass sculpture for 90 days just like all other lost and found property.
During that time, authorities will try to determine who the owner is.
The Sarasota Herald-Tribune reported that the local tourism bureau had hoped to use the Lego man to promote the area, but the sheriff says it needs to remain in police custody a little longer.
The sculpture mysteriously appeared on a Siesta Key beach Tuesday.
A Legoland theme park recently opened in Winter Haven, which is about 70 miles (110 kilometers) northwest of Siesta Key.
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Since getting busted for burgling Audrina Patridge's house two years ago, Rachel Lee has had a lot of time to think.
And, according to Lee, she has since seen the error of her ways.
"I wanted to let you know that I am very sorry for what I did," the accused Bling Ring member wrote to L.A. Superior Court Judge Larry Paul Fidler before he sentenced her to a maximum four years in prison for felony burglary. "I am sorry to the people I have hurt and for all the trouble I have caused."
So, what now? Besides sit in jail, that is?
Fans of the show from back when it originally aired were excited for the return of the duo, but there's possibly some more good news.
READ: Jermaine Jackson's Jewelry Heist ? The Work of the Bling Ring?
"I have learned so much from this life journey," Lee continued. "The last two years of my life has changed me from an irresponsible and childish drug and alcohol addict towards becoming a responsible adult.... I was really messed up from so much substance abuse as well as poor choices of friends."
Read the letter
Lee was one of six people linked to a series of burglaries of celebrity homes, including those of Patridge, Orlando Bloom, Paris Hilton, Lindsay Lohan, Megan Fox and Brian Austin Green, Ashley Tisdale and Rachel Bilson. The culprits made off with millions of dollars worth of jewelry, clothing, watches, electronics, firearms, etc., only some of which has been returned to the celebrity owners.
"Pretty Wild" star Alexis Neiers spent 30 days of a six-month sentence in jail for her role in the Bloom burglary, while the rest of Lee's alleged accomplices ? Nicholas Prugo, Diana Tamaya, Courtney Leigh Ames and Roy Lopez Jr. ? have pleaded not guilty and are due in court for a pretrial hearing Nov. 18.
Lee pleaded no contest to residential burglary, after which one felony count of conspiracy to commit burglary and two counts of receiving stolen property were dismissed.
"As I prepare to serve my time," Lee's letter to Fidler continues, "I am now planning what I can do during my jail term as far as education, training and service to our community so that I can come back to my family and society as a productive person. If possible, I would like to serve my time in a facility where I can receive education, counseling and job training."
READ: "Pretty Wild" Star Alexis Neiers' Rehab Plan: Drug-Counselor Training!
"Thank you very much for reading this letter," Lee concluded. "I hope to never stand before you in another case and I am going to work very hard to make that happen."
Fidler sentenced Lee to state prison and the type of rehabilitation opportunities offered depend on the facility where she ends up.
GALLERY: Mug-Shot Mania
Her probation report, dated Oct. 25, stated that Lee had never before shown any remorse for her crime, nor did she return any stolen property to the police, hence a recommendation that Fidler give her the maximum sentence.
"Although the defendant is somewhat youthful and has a limited criminal history," the report states, "there are significant factors that support a recommendation for state prison; among them are her leadership in a sophisticated burglary ring that took property in excess of two million dollars and her refusal to cooperate with police detectives."
? 2011 E! Entertainment Television, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Source: http://today.msnbc.msn.com/id/45074078/ns/today-entertainment/
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Trae Patton / NBC
By Ree Hines
With Halloween just around the corner, ?The Biggest Loser? gang celebrated with sweet temptations, romantic relations and one scary weigh-in Tuesday night.
Host Alison Sweeney kicked off the episode by handing over a 10-pound trick-or-treat candy cauldron to the weight-loss contenders. The treat was that for every pound they consumed, they?d earn a pound advantage on the scale. The trick? The advantage would be applied to everyone. That?s because it was team-free all-for-one week and in order to avoid giving someone the boot, the contestants had to lose a total of 100 pounds all together.
While some players weren?t so happy about the one big family approach ? namely Jennifer, who simply can?t get her workout on without her black team trainer, Bob Harper ? others saw the wisdom of the united way, such as the dwindling blues, Becky and Bonnie.
As for the red team, well, two of their ranks were already embracing a more inclusive atmosphere on the ranch. It seems somewhere between kettlebell swings and sit-ups, Ramon and Jessica found love. Aw.
Then again, maybe not aw. Flashback to earlier season, and one might recall that Jessica just ended a relationship that she felt was tied in to her past weight gain. Is it really such a good idea for her to fall head over heels for another guy while she?s trying to get her life back on track? Trainer Anna Kournikova wasn?t so sure, but Jessica and Ramon were too caught up in?their newfound love life to care.
As for that candy-coated temptation, no one bit. It was a great sign of focus and solidarity, but with each player hoping to drop around 10 pounds ? well, 9 pounds after a challenge win ? focus and solidarity didn?t help them at the weigh-in.
Overall, most players just didn?t see big losses on the scale ? some could blame that on the big losses they had last week. But according to Anna, a couple of players might blame their weak week on romance.
?This is what I have to say about that,? Ramon began, feeling more than a little defensive. ?I?m probably more tightened up than ever. Usually, I?m jacking around with Patrick and Vinny, and messing around with the guys all damn day. This girl?s got me doing crap I wouldn?t even think about doing.?
Talk about an inspiration.
?Just because we?ve been outed on a relationship does not mean that my number reflects what he showed this week or vice versa,? Jessica said, backing up her man. ?It has nothing whatsoever to do with who is hanging out with who.?
Meh. Maybe they?re on to something. Supporting the love birds' theory is the fact that Sunny had one rough week without so much as a single smooch. In fact, Sunny somehow packed on 5 pounds.
Short of the team goal, the whole group gathered together to vote one player out. But neither romance nor weight gain factored into the decision. Instead, the Bob-loving and somewhat whiney Jennifer was sent packing ? a trick for her, but a treat for the others.
What did you think of the "Loser" action this week? Is on-ranch romance a good idea for Ramon and Jessica? Did the right player go home? Share your thoughts on our Facebook page.
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Many home offices lack enough storage space, but that's not a problem with today's featured workspace; in fact, the Ikea Expedit shelving units are one of the highlights, adding cubes everywhere for visual interest as well as storage.
The large Ikea Galant desk offers lots of room too to spread out. Keeping all the furniture white in a room with a gray and red color scheme also adds to the space's tranquil feel. (I'm not sure what the Playstation 3 and Wii stenciling on the wall is all about, though; the equipment list on Flickr includes an Xbox 360 Slim, so there's little doubt Flickr user chargerfun is a gamer).
If you have a workspace of your own to show off, throw the pictures on your Flickr account and add it to the Lifehacker Workspace Show and Tell Pool. Include some details about your setup and why it works for you, and you just might see it featured on the front page of Lifehacker.
Desk Setup | July 2011 | All IKEA | Flickr
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NEW YORK?? Give me your tired, your poor ? your Internet-connected masses yearning to see.
Lady Liberty is getting high-tech gifts for her 125th birthday: webcams on her torch that will let viewers gaze out at New York Harbor and read the tablet in her hands or see visitors on the grounds of the island below in real time.
The five torch cams are to be switched on Friday during a ceremony to commemorate the dedication of the Statue of Liberty on Oct. 28, 1886. The ceremony caps a week of events centered around the historic date, including the debut of a major museum exhibition about poet Emma Lazarus, who helped bring the monument renown as the "Mother of Exiles."
Related: Statue of Liberty to close for yearlong repairs
The statue's webcams will offer views from the torch that have been unavailable to the public since 1916, said Stephen A. Briganti, the president of the Statue of Liberty-Ellis Island Foundation Inc.
"The statue is the most famous symbol in the world," he said. "Most of the people in the world have seen it, but they have not seen it like this. It will be a visit that so many people, including New Yorkers, have never taken before."
Through the webcams, Internet users around the world will have four views, including a high-quality, 180-degree stitched panorama of the harbor with stunning views of Ellis and Governors islands. They will be able to watch as ships go by Liberty Island and observe as the Freedom Tower at the World Trade Center goes up floor-by-floor in lower Manhattan. They can get a fish-eye look at the torch itself as it glows in the night.
The five cameras, which will be on 24 hours, seven days a week, were donated to the National Park Service by Earthcam Inc., a New Jersey-based company that manages webcams around the world.
The cameras put viewers on the balcony of the torch and high above the crown, said Brian Cury, the founder of Earthcam.
"This is not your dad's picture of the Statue of Liberty," he said. "This is not a view from a tourist helicopter. This is unique."
Friday's ceremony also will be marked by a water flotilla, actress Sigourney Weaver reading Lazarus' poem and a naturalization ceremony for 125 candidates for citizenship representing over 40 countries.
Don't miss these Travel stories
The recent discovery of a sunken British steam ship with 20 tons of silver might be a once-in-a-lifetime find. For recreational divers, though, there?s still plenty of treasure to hunt.
The public is invited to attend the ceremony, with ferry service available between Manhattan and Liberty Island. The interior of the statue ? from the pedestal down to the museum base ? will close after the 125th celebration for up to a year so that stairwells, elevators and mechanical systems can be upgraded. The park itself will remain open to visitors.
The statue, designed by sculptor Frederic Auguste Bartholdi, was given by the French government to the U.S. as a token of friendship between the two countries and dedicated by President Grover Cleveland.
And while today it is known as a symbol of liberty for millions of refugees and exiles, initially the famous sonnet by Lazarus in the voice of the statue asking for "your tired, your poor, your huddled masses yearning to breathe free" did not appear on the statue. It was not until 1903 that "The New Colossus" was placed on the pedestal.
Lazarus is the subject of a new exhibit at the Museum of Jewish Heritage in lower Manhattan, which has views of Lady Liberty. It's to open Wednesday to coincide with the anniversary of the statue's dedication.
Curator Melissa Martens said Lazarus was born into the fourth generation of a Jewish family in New York prominent since colonial times. "They were some of the early people to articulate the Jewish experience in dialogue with the challenges of freedom and religious liberty," she said.
Featuring over 83 original objects from 27 institutions and individuals, "Poet of Exiles" is the first full-fledged artifact exhibit at a major museum to robustly explore the life of Lazarus, from her work as an advocate for immigrants fleeing the Russian pogroms of the early 1880s to her pioneering support for a Jewish homeland.
Lazarus died in 1887 at age 38 from Hodgkin's disease, never having known her poem would be united with the Statue of Liberty.
Copyright 2011 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
Source: http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/45006635/ns/travel-destination_travel/
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Image: Photograph by David Liittschwager
In the November 2011 issue of Scientific American, author Bijal Trivedi looks at the ongoing controversies surrounding the use of genetically modified mosquitoes to fight dengue fever. We asked biologist Mark Q. Benedict and Helen Wallace, the director of GeneWatch UK, to illuminate the issues surrounding the release of genetically modified insects into the wild.
Genetically Modified Mosquitoes Could Be an Important Tool in the Fight against Disease
By Mark Q. Benedict
Current technologies we use against mosquitoes simply are not adequate: existing measures are losing the war. The choice of implementing GM mosquitoes is not a choice of no risk versus risk, it is a matter of choosing the least risky among all existing choices in a war against very real continuing disease risk. More ?
The Danger of Genetically Modified Mosquitoes
By Helen Wallace
The release of genetically modified (GM) insects should follow a precautionary approach, because what appears well understood in the lab can have unintended consequences when released on a large scale into the environment. On release, GM mosquitoes become part of a complex system involving predators and prey, other mosquito species, four types of dengue virus, other tropical diseases transmitted by mosquitoes, and the humans?including children?who are being bitten and infected. More ?
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MOSCOW ? Police have dispersed an unauthorized opposition rally against the Kremlin's control over elections in Russia and Prime Minister Vladimir Putin's decision to run for a third presidential term in the next election. At least 12 activists were detained in central Moscow on Monday.
Associated Press reporters saw the protesters rounded up and dragged off in police vans.
The activists were holding the unauthorized rally outside the building of the Russian Election Commission, chanting: "Down with illegal elections!" The protesters were referring to the upcoming parliamentary and presidential election in December and March, respectively.
President Dmitry Medvedev announced last month that he would not run for a second term but would support the candidacy of Prime Minister Putin, who was the country's president in 2000-2008. The swap has caused an outrage among liberal and leftist groups who accuse Putin and Medvedev of highjacking the vote.
Most Russian television stations are state-controlled, which means they do not cover opposition groups. Many prominent opposition leaders and civic activists have never been interviewed on major television channels.
Police started rounding up the demonstrators once the small rally's organizer, Sergei Udaltsov, told the group that each of them could hold a one-man picket which requires no official permission.
Udaltsov, the leader of the Left Front, was detained along with his supporters. He is a regular at opposition rallies in Moscow, most of which are unauthorized. He has been detained at least 11 times this year and has served more than 30 days in jail. Udaltsov got out of jail Saturday after serving 10 days for disobeying police orders at another rally.
Opposition rallies are regularly banned in Moscow, while authorities routinely deny registration to those groups and bar them from running for seats in regional and federal legislatures.
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ARLINGTON, Texas ? Inning by inning, this World Series is getting more intriguing.
Derek Holland provided the latest twist, boosted by a pregame pep talk from his manager. The Texas lefty shut down the St. Louis Cardinals on two hits into the ninth inning, and the Rangers won 4-0 Sunday to even things at 2-all.
A day after Albert Pujols set a team record by scoring 16 runs in a postseason game, they never got close against Holland.
"When I came off the field, arm hairs are sticking up. It's not like I have much, but man, it was tingly," Holland said.
Rangers manager Ron Washington came to the mound after 8 1-3 innings following Holland's second walk of the game. So close to a shutout, and with the crowd chanting his name, Holland pleaded his case, trying to talk his way into staying in.
"He was begging," Washington said. Or, as Rangers second baseman Ian Kinsler described it: "A lot of profanity, we sounded like sailors out there."
Washington listened, then signaled for closer Neftali Feliz. Holland had done his job in Game 4, and then some. He had kept Pujols in the ballpark and the Rangers in this Series.
"Now it's a best out of three," Pujols said. "See who can win two games. At the end, that's who is going to be raising the trophy."
Holland struck out seven and came within two outs of pitching the first complete-game shutout in the World Series since Josh Beckett's gem for Florida to clinch the 2003 title at Yankee Stadium.
"I was very focused. I knew this was a big game for us," said Holland, who was 16-5 with 3.95 ERA and four shutouts in the regular season. "I had to step up and make sure I was prepared."
Hobbled Josh Hamilton put Texas ahead with an RBI double in the first inning. Then Mike Napoli broke it open with a three-run homer in the sixth that set off a hearty high-five in the front row between team president Nolan Ryan and former President George W. Bush.
And just like that, for the first time since 2003, the World Series stood at two games apiece.
Game 5 is Monday night at Rangers Ballpark. It's a rematch of the opener, when Cardinals ace Chris Carpenter topped C.J. Wilson. After that, it's back to Busch Stadium to crown a champion.
Pujols produced arguably the greatest hitting show in postseason history in Game 3, tying Series records with three home runs, six RBIs and five hits during the Cardinals' romp. However, Holland has now emerged as the unlikely star.
Pujols finished 0 for 4 and hit the ball out of the infield only once.
"I wanted him to see my 'A' game," Holland said.
Feliz took over and closed. He walked Allen Craig, then retired Pujols on a fly ball and struck out Matt Holliday to end it.
Holland was in tune all evening with Napoli, his pal and catcher. Much better than the battery for the pregame ceremony ? Bush tossed a wild pitch that glanced off the catcher's mitt Ryan wore.
"I should've gone with the regular glove," Ryan said with a chuckle.
The bounce-back Rangers managed to avoid consecutive losses for the first time since Aug. 23-25, a streak that's kept them out of trouble in the postseason.
The Rangers also completed a Sunday sweep in the matchup of teams from St. Louis and the Dallas area. Earlier in the afternoon, the Cowboys beat the Rams 34-7 right across the parking lots. Hamilton and Lance Berkman served as honorary captains for the pregame coin toss, wearing their baseball uniforms.
Many fans might remember Holland from last year's World Series. He's the reliever who came in against San Francisco, walked his first three batters and promptly got pulled.
Maybe that guy was an impostor. Because this 25-year-old lefty with the sorry little mustache was completely poised, with pinpoint control. Perhaps it was the talk he got from Washington near the dugout shortly before taking the mound.
Washington put both hands on Holland's shoulders and talked to him tenderly, like a dad about to send his teenage son off to college. Holland kept nodding, and Washington finished up with a playful pat to Holland's cheek.
"It was just a general message that he's capable of going out there and keeping us in the ballgame. That's all it was," Washington said. "I talk with Derek like that all the time, it just happened to catch me on TV."
Added Holland: "He shows that he cares about all his players, and he definitely showed that when he talked to me."
After that, Holland was in total command in his first Series start, and improved to 3-0 lifetime in the postseason. The only hits he allowed were by Berkman: a double in the second and a single in the fifth. Holland got even later, getting Berkman to look at a strike three that left the St. Louis star discussing the call with plate umpire Ron Kulpa.
Cardinals starter Edwin Jackson kept his team close despite a wild night in which he walked seven in 5 1-3 innings. Jackson left after a pair of walks in the sixth and Napoli homered on the first pitch from reliever Mitchell Boggs.
"It's just a matter of time before they catch up with you," Jackson said.
NOTES: Napoli became the first catcher to hit two homers in a Series since Mike Piazza of the Mets in 2000. ... Kinsler and St. Louis C Yadier Molina played a little game of back-and-forth in the second. Kinsler robbed Molina of an RBI single with a nice stop up the middle to end the top half. In the bottom half, Molina made a snap throw that trapped Kinsler off first base for the last out.
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BIRMINGHAM, Ala. ? The Rev. Fred Shuttlesworth, often eclipsed by the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr. in life, was praised Sunday as the catalyst who brought the civil rights movement to Birmingham and launched King into immortality.
Those who knew him best urged others to continue the tireless example he set, working long after victory in the 1963 campaign to liberate the segregated Southern city he called home. Fellow preachers, foot soldiers from the movement, and members of his family told a crowd gathered at the historic 16th Street Baptist Church that for all of his heroic efforts, the fiery minister's work remains undone.
Attorney General Eric Holder told the audience: "Without him, there would be no me."
"We are bound by more than sorrow," Holder said. "We are united by our shared admiration of Reverend Shuttlesworth, by our deep appreciation of his legacy, and perhaps most importantly by our collective responsibility to carry on his critical work, and to live up to the example of service that he left to us."
A parade of clergy lined up to give Shuttlesworth his due at the memorial, which lasted nearly three hours. Five decades ago, when a little-known black Baptist preacher named Martin Luther King took the helm of the Montgomery, Ala., bus boycott in 1955, Shuttlesworth was already in Birmingham trying to start a movement, but hardly anyone was paying attention.
Shuttlesworth was from a small church. His credentials and pedigree made it easy for local whites to dismiss him as a radical. Until King came to Birmingham, Shuttlesworth couldn't get the national press to recognize his city as the embodiment of the horrors of the segregated South.
He was just another black preacher getting beat up, said former Atlanta mayor, congressman and United Nations ambassador Andrew Young, who worked alongside King and Shuttlesworth in the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. All three men helped establish the organization in 1957.
"They were sued together, they helped organize SCLC together," Young said of King and Shuttlesworth. "He wanted the spotlight very much, but there wasn't but one Martin Luther King."
It was King who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964 and went on to become the icon of the civil rights movement. Shuttlesworth, who was overshadowed in life by his comrade in the movement, was again eclipsed by King in death.
Though he died nearly three weeks ago, Shuttlesworth is only now being buried on Monday. The reason for the delay: The dedication of the King Memorial on the National Mall, sending most of Shuttlesworth's civil rights colleagues to Washington last weekend.
Had they not been there, they would have likely been in Birmingham remembering Shuttlesworth.
"His friends and Martin's friends were the same," Young said. "But you don't have two memorials at the same time if you want your friends to come." Shuttlesworth's funeral will be Monday.
Among the events held in Shuttlesworth's honor was a public viewing of his body at the Birmingham Civil Rights Institute and a panel discussion at the Birmingham Museum of Art.
In tribute, many at the 16th Street Baptist Church ? where four black girls were killed in a bombing before Sunday services on September 15, 1963 ? recalled Shuttlesworth's courage but also called on those left to mourn him to be courageous. Holder said Shuttlesworth was a warrior for justice and advocate for peace who has left behind a legacy for the country to follow.
The attorney general used the occasion to point out Alabama's strict new immigration, considered the toughest crackdown in the nation. He said too many in Alabama "are willing to turn their backs on our immigrant past" and he would not let that happen. The Obama administration is among the parties suing the state to block the law.
The Rev. Tommie Lewis urged Holder to remember Alabama in his duties.
"We got some serious issues down here," Lewis said, looking at the attorney general. "Our issues are not going to be handled between these mountains, down in this valley."
There was also candlelight vigil for Shuttlesworth across the street in Kelly Ingram Park, made famous the same year when news footage of policemen and firemen unleashing dogs and blasting water hoses on defenseless civil rights marchers was broadcast to a shocked international audience.
Long before the television cameras arrived, Shuttlesworth was there, organizing many such nonviolent protests.
Shuttlesworth survived a Christmas 1956 bombing that destroyed his home, an assault during a 1957 protest, chest injuries when Birmingham authorities turned the hoses on demonstrators in 1963 and countless arrests. He moved to Ohio to pastor a church in the early 1960s, but returned frequently to Alabama for key protests. He came back to live in the Birmingham area after he retired a few years ago.
"He was able to see how the civil rights struggle kept reinventing itself in different forms," said Diane McWhorter, author of the Pulitzer Prize-winning book, "Carry Me Home: Birmingham, Alabama, the Climactic Battle of the Civil Rights Revolution."
"He was always there to make it clear that this was a continuous struggle."
McWhorter said she never got the sense that Shuttlesworth was bitter about King overpowering the narrative of the movement, and that he never badmouthed King to her.
"He had a huge ego ... but he never said anything like, `Oh, I should've been the leader of the movement,'" she said. "He kind of recognized that he couldn't have done what King did. But he was just such a key ingredient that it couldn't have happened without him, either."
Quoting from his book, "My Soul Is Rested: The Story of the Civil Rights Movement in the Deep South," former New York Times Executive Editor Howell Raines, a Birmingham native, said at Sunday's panel: "King's name would've never touched immortality had it not been for Birmingham."
In his 1963 book "Why We Can't Wait," King himself called Shuttlesworth "one of the nation's most courageous freedom fighters."
After Shuttlesworth's death on Oct. 5 ? the same week the Rev. Joseph Lowery turned 89 and the Rev. Jesse Jackson turned 70 ? Alabama lowered its state flags to half-mast.
"I really do feel like he has sort of gotten his due more and more over the last number of years," McWhorter said. "Partly because he's outlasted everybody, with distinction and class."
Young agreed that Shuttlesworth ultimately received his due, and is recognized as one of the true heroes of the movement. Besides, he pointed out, attention is no substitute for longevity.
"Yes, Martin overshadowed him," Young said of Shuttlesworth. "But he got to live to 89. Martin didn't make it to 40."
___
Follow Errin Haines on Twitter at www.twitter.com/emarvelous
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? Rome, Lazio, Italy
Saturday, May 21, 2011
I met up with Jen, Donna, and Matt and we walked around some more around Piazza Navona and found a little place to have lunch. I had another amazing caprese salad. Jen and I decided to explore the city some more and started walking around. We walked to Piazza Campo di Fiori, and a market was just closing up so we checked that out a little bit and continued on our way. We walked to this part of Rome called Trastevere and we just LOVED it! There were all these little stores and restaurants. We found a purse store, Carlo Ceccini, where Jen and I both splurged and bought ourselves some nice Italian purses. We even got to meet the designer himself, as he was working in the back of the store. We stopped at a little restaurant and sat outside and had some drinks and then continued walking through this part of town, and eventually making our way back to the hotel.
At the hotel, we packed up for our return to the States. Jen and I were both getting sad that our trip was coming to an end. We decided that for our last night in Italy, we wanted to go back over to Trastevere (we REALLY loved that part of town). So we got ready and went back over there. The scene at night was completely different than it was during the day! It was so crowded! Just tons of people and all the restuarants had tables outside that were full. It was a very vivacious scene. We walked around for a long while trying to decide which restaurtant to have our last meal at, and we ended up at the "Orange" one. Coincidentally, as we were waiting for our table, a big group of people from our tour group left the restaurant - they had just eaten there, too. We got a nice table outside and enjoyed our final meal in Italy. We had some bruschetta and I ordered ravioli. I am pretty sure I had my last tiramasu there, too. After dinner we were really sad and went back to the hotel.
I had a really early flight the next morning from Rome to Madrid and then Madrid to Chicago. Since I wasn't traveling with the group, I had arranged for a car to pick me up early the next day. Unfortunately, I didn't even have a chance to say good bye to Bob McGee or many others from the group. However, I can say that this trip to Italy was amazing and far exceeded my expectations for the trip. I thought it was the perfect way to experience a new country for the first time. I got to see so many things and go so many places. I also have ideas in my head of where I would like to go back to next time I am in Italy. I can't say enough good things about the trip and cannot wait for the next opportunity I have to travel with Bobby McGee (hopefully Greece in 2013!!)
Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Recent-Travel-Blogs-RSS/~3/LQsFyxqcoxk/tpod.html
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The ACLU says the FBI is guilty of racial profiling when investigating criminal threats. The FBI says it is taking into account the reality of the post-9/11 world.
The American Civil Liberties Union is accusing the Federal Bureau of Investigation of using racial, ethnic, and religious profiling in its attempts to fight crime and domestic terrorism within the US.
Skip to next paragraphIn a letter to US Attorney General Eric Holder Thursday, the ACLU pointed to ?growing evidence ? that the FBI is illegally and unconstitutionally targeting innocent Americans for investigation based upon their race, ethnicity, national origin, religion, and political activities protected under the First Amendment.?
The FBI disputes the claims.
Over the years since the terrorist attacks of 9/11, tensions between civil liberties organizations and domestic security agencies charged with preventing additional attacks have steadily increased. The same period has included a series of incidents in which alleged Muslim-American terrorists ? particularly so-called ?lone wolves? ? have been thwarted in their attempts through the use of paid informants posing as fellow jihadis.
Meanwhile, the ACLU has filed numerous Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests ? some backed up with lawsuits ? to find out how the FBI is using racial and ethnic data as part of its investigations.
?The documents we have started to receive confirm our worst fears,? ACLU officials wrote to Attorney General Holder. ?Although often heavily redacted, these documents, obtained from a number of different field offices, demonstrate that FBI analysts are using improper and crude racial stereotypes regarding the types of crimes committed by different racial and ethnic groups and then collecting demographic data to map where people of those racial or ethnic groups live.?
The result, charges the ACLU, has been ?racial profiling on an industrial scale.?
For example, information obtained through one FOIA action shows that an FBI field office in Detroit sought authority in July 2009 to collect information and evaluate domestic terrorism threats ?because Michigan has a large Middle-Eastern and Muslim population, [and] it is prime territory for attempted radicalization and recruitment? by State Department-designated terrorist groups originating in the Middle East and Southeast Asia.
In response to the ACLU report, the FBI stated flatly that it ?does not investigate individuals, groups, or communities based on ethnicity or race.?
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By msnbc.com's Michael O'Brien
President Barack Obama's announcement Friday that all U.S. troops would leave Iraq by the end of 2011 marks the fulfillment of a major political promise Obama had made on the 2008 campaign trail.
The president announced his decision at an early afternoon press conference at the White House. It's in keeping with the timeline Obama first established in early 2009, when he first laid out a timetable for withdrawal.
The announcement comes Friday with a great amount of political import, though. Obama is keeping a major campaign promise -- he noted as much in his very first sentence at his press conference -- and he is building on a string of recent foreign policy successes -- the death yesterday of Libya's Moammar Khaddafy, most recently -- going into a re-election battle in which a top issue, jobs and the economy, may end up being a vulnerability for the president.
"As a candidate for president, I planned to bring the war in Iraq to a responsible end," Obama said Friday at the White House. "After taking office, I announced a new strategy that would end our combat mission in Iraq and remove all troops by the end of 2011.
"So today, I can report that, as promised, the rest of our troops in Iraq will come home by the end of the year," the president continued. "After nearly nine years, America's war in Iraq will be over."
Those lines were promoted by Obama's campaign Twitter account, underscoring the cross-secting political and military undercurrents guiding today's announcement.
Obama's initial opposition to the war was one of the key parts of his record that propelled him past Hillary Clinton in the 2008 Democratic primary; in the?general election, Obama had been pitted against Arizona Sen. John McCain, a top proponent of the war, and the subsequent "surge" of U.S. troops to help secure Iraq despite its destabilizing insurgency.
"The differences on Iraq in this campaign are deep. Unlike Senator John McCain, I opposed the war in Iraq before it began, and would end it as president," Obama wrote in a 2008 op-ed in the New York Times.
And for as much friendly fire that the president has taken from the left for unfinished campaign trail promises, Obama's move to withdraw troops marks a moment of deep satisfaction for his base, whom he's courting again heading into next fall's election.
It also helps burnish Obama's foreign policy credentials on top of a string of accomplishments this year. Khaddafy's death Thursday in Libya provided some measure of validation of the president's measured strategy toward the rebellion there. U.S. predator drones also managed to assassinate a major al-Qaeda figure, Anwar al-Awlaki, last month. And Obama's scored perhaps no greater achievement than the successful killing of Osama bin Laden earlier this year in Pakistan -- something to which Obama made reference Friday.
"I would note that the end of war in Iraq reflects a larger transition: the tide of war is receding," Obama said. "The drawdown in Iraq allowed us to focus our fight against al-Qaeda and achieve major victories against its leadership, including Osama bin Laden."
He noted the additional transition in Afghanistan in a move toward bringing troops home from that part of the world, too.
"When I took office, roughly 180,000 troops were deployed in both these wars. By the end of this year, that number will be cut in half," he said. "And make no mistake, it will continue to go down."
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In many bird species males have a more elaborate plumage than females. This elaborate plumage is often used to signal body condition, to intimidate rivals or to attract potential mates. In many cases plumage colouration also depends on the hormone testosterone. Christina Muck and Wolfgang Goymann from the Max Planck Institute for Ornithology in Seewiesen have now investigated whether this also holds true for sex role reversed bird species. In barred buttonquails that live in Southeast Asia, females are polygamous and pair with several males that incubate the eggs and raise the young. However, not only the behaviour, but also secondary sexual ornaments that depend on the male hormone testosterone are reversed between sexes.
Women who use typical male strategies to promote their careers are often not successful. Recent findings suggest that this strategy often leads to the opposite effect. Apparently certain behaviours are considered to be typical male, such as being offensive in business matters. Also in birds one can find clearly defined roles: The male defends a territory, courts a female and on top of has the better looks due to his elaborate plumage.
Colourful plumage and long feathers allow a male to express its quality and/or condition without further physical demonstration of its strength. With such features they may be able to avoid physical fights which are costly with respect to energy expenditure and the risk of injuries. The size and intensity of some parts of the plumage, for example the so-called black bib in house sparrows, depends on the male sex hormone testosterone; males with high testosterone levels also possess a larger and more intensely coloured bib.
There is hardly anything known regarding function and regulation of plumage colouration in female birds: females mostly have a dull plumage with almost no variation between individuals. However, in a few bird species sex roles are reversed: here, the females aggressively defend territories and court males. The latter incubate the eggs and care for the young without any help from the females. Only very few species are known to show such sex role reversal in behaviour and the evolutionary background is still unsolved.
Christina Muck and Wolfgang Goymann now found a relationship between plumage colouration, body weight and testosterone concentrations in female barred buttonquail, a bird species that lives in Southeast Asia. The researchers kept the birds in pairs for one year in large breeding boxes and regularly took blood samples to monitor the time course of testosterone levels. In addition they weighed the birds and took photographs of the black throat patch of females to determine its size and colour intensity on the computer. Males of this species are smaller than females and do not possess such a patch.
The researchers could first show that testosterone levels were similar in males and females and did not exhibit large seasonal changes. Moreover, testosterone levels were rather low which is common is species that do not show a pronounced seasonality. Nevertheless they found a strong relationship between the size and the intensity of the black throat patch and the testosterone levels in females. Moreover, in females there was a correlation between testosterone levels and female body condition. No such correlations existed in males.
"It is really remarkable", states Christina Muck, "that the sex role reversal in behaviours is accompanied by a reversed hormone dependency in the expression of secondary sexual characters". Thus, female button quails succeed when they not only adopt male behavioural strategies but also use the underlying physiological mechanisms.
###
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft: http://www.mpg.de
Thanks to Max-Planck-Gesellschaft for this article.
This press release was posted to serve as a topic for discussion. Please comment below. We try our best to only post press releases that are associated with peer reviewed scientific literature. Critical discussions of the research are appreciated. If you need help finding a link to the original article, please contact us on twitter or via e-mail.
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Source: http://www.labspaces.net/114528/Elaborate_plumage_due_to_testosterone_
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Richard Drew/AP
FILE - In this Sept. 23, 2009 photo, Libyan leader Moammar Gadhafi shows a torn copy of the UN Charter during his address to the 64th session of the United Nations General Assembly. A U.S. official says Libya's new government has told the United States that Moammar Gadhafi is dead. The official said Libya's Transitional National Council informed U.S. officials in Libya of the development Thursday, Oct. 20, 2011. (AP Photo/Richard Drew)
By Robert Windrem, NBC News' senior investigative producer
Since May 1, U.S. intelligence and special operations forces, or foreign forces working with U.S. intelligence and special operations forces, have killed the leading terrorists who targeted and killed more Americans than any others in the past 25 years.
Not only did the U.S. kill Osama Bin Laden on May 1, but also took out?? "removed from the battlefield"?? three of the jihadists they had identified as potential successors to bin Laden in the hours after the attack. Also, Somali forces loyal to the U.S. killed the mastermind of al-Qaida's East Africa embassy bombings. With 224 killed, 12 of them Americans, the attacks in Nairobi and Dar es Salaam were?the group's deadliest attack before 9-11.
As for Moammar Gadhafi, it was his intelligence service that has been strongly linked to the attack on PanAm 103 in December 1988, which until September 11 was the single worst terrorist attack directed against the U.S., killing 269 people.?(Gadhafi was also believed responsible for the deaths of 171 people on UTA 772 over the Congo.)
Here is the chronology:
May 1: Osama Bin Laden was killed by U.S. Special Forces in Abbottabad, Pakistan.
June 3: Ilyas Kashmiri, senior al-Qaida member and one of the five potential successors to al-Qaida leadership, is killed by a drone attack in Ghwakhwa area of South Waziristan, Pakistan.
June 8: Fazul Abdullah Mohammed, al-Qaida leader in East Africa and the mastermind of the East Africa embassy bombings was shot dead by Somali forces at a checkpoint in the capital. He was identified by a wanted poster provided by the U.S. military.
August 22:?Attiyah Abd al-Rahman, newly minted No. 2 in al-Qaida, is killed by drone attack in North Waziristan. Attiyah was also seen by the CIA as potential successor to bin Laden and had served as bin Laden's "chief of staff" prior to the May 1 attack.
September 30: Anwar al-Awlaki, operational leader in al-Qaida in the Arabian Peninsula, is killed by drone attack in Yemen's al-Jawf province. He, too, had been identified as a potential successor to bin Laden.
October 20: Moammar Gadhafi, Libya?s leader for 42 years, was killed in a gun fight by Libyan rebels near Sirte.
(Historical footnote: The Marine Barracks bombing in 1983 killed 241 U.S. servicemen and the East Africa embassy bombing and was until the Pan Am 103 bombing the single worst terrorist attack on the United States. It was the handiwork of Imad Mugniyah, who was killed in February 2008 in Damascus, Syria, by a bomb hidden in the headrest of a car. As he walked past the car, the bomb was detonated. It was believed to be the handiwork of a joint U.S.-Israeli operation.)
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MISRATA, Libya ? Moammar Gadhafi's blood-streaked body was on display in a commercial freezer at a shopping center Friday as Libyan authorities argued about what to do with his remains and questions deepened over official accounts of the longtime dictator's death. New video emerged of his violent, chaotic last moments, showing fighters beating him as they drag him away.
Nearly every aspect of Thursday's killing of Gadhafi was mired in confusion, a sign of the difficulties ahead for Libya. Its new rulers are disorganized, its people embittered and divided. But the ruling National Transitional Council said it would declare the country's liberation on Saturday, the starting point for a timetable that calls for a new interim government within a month and elections within eight months.
The top U.N. rights chief raised concerns that Gadhafi may have been shot to death after being captured alive. The fate of his body seemed tied up in squabbles among Libya's factions, as fighters from Misrata ? a city brutally besieged by Gadhafi's forces during the civil war ? seemed to claim ownership of it, forcing the delay of a planned burial Friday.
Also muddled was the fate of Seif al-Islam Gadhafi, the only Gadhafi son who stayed in Libya and reportedly survived after his father's Aug. 21 ouster. It appeared Friday that he was still at large: some government ministers had said he was wounded and in custody in a hospital in the city of Zlitan, but a military official at the hospital, Hakim al-Kisher, denied he was there.
In Misrata, residents crowded into long lines to get a chance to view the body of Gadhafi, which was laid out on a mattress on the floor of an emptied-out vegetable and onions freezer at a local shopping center. The body had apparently been stowed in the freezer in an attempt to keep it out of the public eye, but once the location was known, that intention was swept away in the overwhelming desire of residents to see the man they so deeply despised.
Men, women and children filed in to take their picture with the body. The site's guards had even organized separate visiting hours for families and single men.
"We want to see the dog," some chanted.
Gadhafi's 69-year-old body was stripped to the waist, his torso and arms streaked with dried blood. Bullet wounds in the chest, abdomen and left side of the head were visible.
The bloody siege of Misrata over the summer instilled a particularly virulent hatred of Gadhafi there ? a hatred now mixed with pride because he was captured and killed by fighters from the city.
New video posted on Facebook showed revolutionary fighters dragging a confused-looking Gadhafi up the hill to their vehicles after his capture and less than an hour before he was killed. The young men scream "Moammar, you dog!" as their former leader wipes at blood covering the left side of his head, neck and left shoulder.
Gadhafi gestures to the young men to be patient, and says "What's going on?" as he wipes fresh blood from his temple and glances at his palm. A young fighter later is shown carrying a boot and screaming, "This is Moammar's shoe! This is Moammar's shoe! Victory! Victory!"
In Tripoli, joy over Gadhafi's end spilled into a second day as thousands converged on central Martyrs' Square for Friday prayers and celebrations. Men danced and hoisted the country's new red-green-and-black flag.
"It's the start of a new era that everybody hopes will bring security and freedom," said Tarek Othman, a computer specialist. "I hope democracy is the path we take so all of these Libyans who have sacrificed will really feel free."
He stood with his wife ? who wore a cap in the revolution's colors over her all-encompassing black niqab ? in the square, which was formerly known as Green Square and was used by Gadhafi to stage rallies against the uprising.
Khaled Almslaty, a clothing vendor, said he wished Gadhafi had not been killed after being captured.
"But I believe he got what he deserved because if we prosecuted him for the smallest of his crimes, he would be punished by death," he said. "Now we hope the NTC will accelerate the formation of a new government and ... won't waste time on irrelevant conflicts and competing for authority and positions."
It's a tall order after nearly 42 years of rule by one man, who often acted according to whims and tolerated no dissent. Libya's new leaders have stressed the need for reconciliation, but many factions are eager to have their say after years of repression.
The Western-backed NTC, a collection of former rebels, returned exiles, technocrats and Islamists, has always been united behind its goal of ousting Gadhafi. Now the group must overcome divisions and competing self-interests to rebuild the oil-rich North African nation, which was stripped of institutions under Gadhafi.
The NTC said interim leader Mustafa Abdul-Jalil will formally declare liberation on Saturday in the eastern city of Benghazi, where the revolution began in mid-February. Prime Minister Mahmoud Jibril has promised to resign, saying he will not be part of any new government and will instead turn his attention to fighting corruption.
The transitional council has asked the United Nations "to play a significant role" in helping it write a constitution, hold elections and build democratic institutions, Ian Martin, the U.N. envoy to Libya, said.
"No one should underestimate in this moment of celebration in Libya how great are the challenges that lie ahead," he said. He also warned of "a major challenge in the future of those of the fighters who don't wish to return to previous civilian occupations."
At the U.N. in New York, Russia proposed Friday that the Security Council lift the no-fly zone it imposed on Libya and end its authorization of military action to protect civilians now that Gadhafi has been killed. The French and British ambassadors to the U.N. said that more consultation with Libyan authorities is needed to smoothly end the no-fly zone and transfer traffic control to civilian authorities.
Gadhafi was killed when revolutionary fighters overwhelmed him and the last of his loyalists in his coastal hometown Sirte, the last bastion of his regime to be captured after weeks of heavy fighting.
Authorities have promised to bury Gadhafi in accordance with Islamic traditions calling for quick interment, but Information Minister Mahmoud Shammam said the burial was delayed because officials were debating "what the best place is to bury him."
Gadhafi's family, most of whom are in Algeria or other nearby African nations, issued a statement calling for an investigation into how Gadhafi and another of his sons, Muatassim, were killed. In the statement on the pro-Gadhafi, Syria-based TV station Al-Rai, they asked for international pressure on the NTC to hand over the bodies of the two men to their tribe.
Gadhafi was captured alive and there have been contradictory accounts of how and when he received his fatal wounds. Rupert Colville, a spokesman for the U.N. High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the images of his last moments were very disturbing.
"More details are needed to ascertain whether he was killed in some form of fighting or was executed after his capture," Colville said.
According to most accounts from fighters on the ground and their commanders, Gadhafi and his loyalists were in a convoy trying to flee when NATO airstrikes hit two of the vehicles. Then revolutionary forces moved in and clashed with the loyalists for several hours.
Gadhafi and his bodyguards fled their cars and took refuge in a nearby drainage tunnel. Fighters pursued and clashed with them before Gadhafi emerged from the tunnel and was grabbed by fighters.
Most accounts agree that Gadhafi died from wounds 30 to 40 minutes later as an ambulance took him to Misrata. But accounts differ over how he suffered those wounds.
Most commanders and fighters at the scene with whom The Associated Press has spoken say that when he was captured, Gadhafi already was fatally wounded. In the videos of his capture, however, he has blood on his head, but none on his chest or abdomen. At one point, his shirt is pulled up to his chest, but no wound is visible.
Information Minister Mahmoud Shammam said Gadhafi was wounded after his capture. "It seems like the bullet was a stray and it could have come from the revolutionaries or the loyalists," Shammam said.
Other fighters, commanders and witnesses have not spoken of any such crossfire or further clashes. Siraq al-Hamali, a 21-year-old fighter, told AP that he rode in the vehicle carrying Gadhafi as it left Sirte. He did not mention coming under fire and said Gadhafi died en route of wounds he already had.
Even reports of the coroner's conclusions were confused over which wound was fatal ? some said it was the shot to the head, others said it was a shot to the liver.
Muatassim, who had been his father's feared national security adviser, was captured alive separately in Sirte, and how he died also remains unknown.
In a video aired Friday on Al-Rai, the 34-year-old Muatassim, wearing a bloodied undershirt, sits on a mattress in a room with fighters around him. He takes a swig of water and smokes a cigarette as he argues with at least one man who accused him of robbing the country and abusing its sons.
The fighter then orders Muatassim to say "Allahu Akbar" or "God is great" before the video cuts to a segment with Muatassim lying subdued on the mattress with his forearm on his forehead. He also appears to check for an injury on his collar bone. The last scene is of Muatassim lying dead, apparently in a hospital, with a huge gash in his chest.
___
Gamel reported from Tripoli. Associated Press writers Hadeel al-Shalchi, Sarah El Deeb and Lee Keath in Cairo and Anita Snow at the U.N. contributed to this report.
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