Source: http://www.simplestop.net/health-and-fitness/apply-this-information-to-have-a-wonderful-pregnancy/
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Wednesday, February 29, 2012
Apply This Information To Have A Wonderful Pregnancy
[unable to retrieve full-text content]pregnancy,home and family. If you have been seriously searching for helpful facts concerning tips on getting pregnant, then we feel this article may be what you are looking for. There have been plenty of times when I have ...
Exclusive Breast-Feeding Best for Baby: Experts (HealthDay)
[unable to retrieve full-text content]HealthDay - MONDAY, Feb. 27 (HealthDay News) -- Breast-feeding exclusively is
recommended for a baby's first six months of life, followed by continued
breast-feeding along with food until a baby is at least 12 months old, the
American Academy of Pediatrics reaffirms in a new policy statement.
recommended for a baby's first six months of life, followed by continued
breast-feeding along with food until a baby is at least 12 months old, the
American Academy of Pediatrics reaffirms in a new policy statement.
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Tuesday, February 28, 2012
DataSift Unlocks Access To Historical Twitter Data Dating Back To January 2010
DataSift, one of Twitter's data partners which currently provides developers and third parties with access to the full Twitter firehose in realtime, is about to unlock a whole new set of Twitter data to the ecosystem. The social data platform has launched Historics, a cloud-computing platform that enables entrepreneurs and enterprises to extract business insights from Twitter?s public Tweets dating back to January 2010 (we originally reported on the pending launch here). Developers, businesses and organizations can essentially use DataSift to mine the Twitter firehose of social data. But what makes DataSift special (besides the premier access to Twitter data) is that it can then filter this social media data for demographic information, online influence and sentiment, either positive or negative. As we've reported in the past, DataSift does not limit searches based on keywords and allows companies of any size to define extremely complex filters, including location, gender, sentiment, language, and even influence based on Klout score, to provide quick and very specific insight and analysis.Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Techcrunch/~3/MxnjLginwGY/
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Amoeba may offer key clue to photosynthetic evolution
ScienceDaily (Feb. 27, 2012) ? The major difference between plant and animal cells is the photosynthetic process, which converts light energy into chemical energy. When light isn't available, energy is generated by breaking down carbohydrates and sugars, just as it is in animal and some bacterial cells. Two cellular organelles are responsible for these two processes: the chloroplasts for photosynthesis and the mitochondria for sugar breakdown. New research from Carnegie's Eva Nowack and Arthur Grossman has opened a window into the early stages of chloroplast evolution.
Their work is published online by the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences in the week of February 27-March 2.
It is widely accepted that chloroplasts originated from photosynthetic, single-celled bacteria called cyanobacteria, which were engulfed by a more complex, non-photosynthetic cell more than 1.5 billion years ago. While the relationship between the two organisms was originally symbiotic, over evolutionary time the cyanobacterium transferred most of its genetic information to the nucleus of the host organism, transforming the original cyanobacterium into a chloroplast that is no longer able to survive without its host. A similar process resulted in the creation of mitochondria.
To sustain the function of the organelle, proteins encoded by the transferred genes are synthesized in the cytoplasm, or cell's interior, and then imported back into the organelle. In most systems that have been studied, the transport of proteins into the chloroplast occurs through a multi-protein import complex that enables the proteins to pass through the envelope membranes that surround the chloroplast.
Clearly the events that gave rise to chloroplasts and mitochondria changed the world forever. But it is difficult to research the process by which this happened because it took place so long ago. One strategy used to elucidate the way in which this process evolved has relied on identifying organisms for which the events that resulted in the conversion of a bacterium into a host-dependent organelle occurred more recently.
Nowack and Grossman focused their research on a type of amoeba called Paulinella chromatophora, which contains two photosynthetic compartments that also originated from an endosymbiotic cyanobacterium, but that represent an earlier stage in the formation of a fully evolved organelle.
These compartments, called chromatophores, transferred more than 30 of the original cyanobacterial genes to the nucleus of the host organism. While gene transfer has been observed for other bacterial endosymbionts, the function of the transferred genes has been unclear, since it does not appear that the endosymbionts (in contrast to organelles) are equipped to recapture those proteins, because they do not have appropriate protein import machineries.
The Carnegie team honed in on three of the P. chromatophora transferred genes, which encode proteins involved in photosynthesis, a process localized to the chromatophore. They set out to determine whether these proteins are synthesized in the cytoplasm of the amoeba and whether the mature proteins became localized to the chromatophore.
Using an advanced array of research techniques, they were able to determine that these three proteins are synthesized in the cytoplasm and then transported into chromatophores, where they assemble together with other, internally encoded proteins into working protein complexes that are part of the photosynthetic process.
Interestingly, the process by which these proteins are transported into chromatophores may also be novel and involve transit through an organelle called the Golgi apparatus, prior to becoming localized to the chromatophore. This suggests the occurrence of an initial, rudimentary process for proteins to cross the envelope membrane of the nascent chloroplast. This process ultimately evolved into one that is potentially more sophisticated and that uses specific protein complexes for efficient transport.
"This work demonstrates that P. chromatophora is a potentially powerful model for studying evolutionary processes by which organelles developed," Nowack said. "Obtaining a comprehensive list of proteins imported into chromatophores, including their functions and origins, as well as understanding the pathway by which these proteins are imported, could provide insight into the mechanism that eukaryotic cells use to 'enslave' bacteria and turn them into organelles such as chloroplasts and mitochondria."
This research was supported by Michael Melkonian, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, and the National Science Foundation.
The Carnegie Institution for Science (carnegiescience.edu) is a private, nonprofit organization headquartered in Washington, D.C., with six research departments throughout the U.S. Since its founding in 1902, the Carnegie Institution has been a pioneering force in basic scientific research. Carnegie scientists are leaders in plant biology, developmental biology, astronomy, materials science, global ecology, and Earth and planetary science.
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Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.
Journal Reference:
- Eva C. M. Nowack and Arthur R. Grossman. Trafficking of protein into the recently established photosynthetic organelles of Paulinella chromatophora. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, February 27, 2012 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1118800109
Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.
Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.
Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/~3/OMCG-wrgYC8/120227152819.htm
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Managed Computing Business - IT Avery Hill Solutions, Consulting ...
You can find a variety of reasons why a company really should seriously consider hiring managed IT Avery Hill?services to help move their business forward. Without a maximized workflow and optimally functioning technology, a company could shed useful details by way of difficulties that may well arise. No matter what size company you?re coping with, make sure you take into account acquiring a service which will assist you using the heavy lifting. Unless you?re going to begin an in-house IT department, you will must take into account enhancing your small business with an outsourced tech team. You?ll find three main reasons why selecting an outside IT organization is a good option.
Risk Management ? Whenever you hire a tech business to handle personal computer support services, you are able to feel confident in your workplace technologies and focus on business enterprise operations. As opposed to hiring an in-house team that would take up space and resources inside your place of company, you are going to rather reduce the dangers involved with hiring, insurance coverage and considerably more by just getting an IT service that?s separate from your company place.
Infrastructure Manage ? If you are dealing with laptop or computer networking, technologies, internet sites and much extra, you will should have total control over updating and important processes that make them perform. This is especially accurate if you are operating a shopping cart computer software on your internet site. With no manage, you won?t be moving forward with infrastructure. For instance, if the network goes down at any offered moment, you will wind up getting peace of mind simply because it is possible to get your website back in working order promptly, as an alternative to getting to wait for the tech team to arrive in the office.
Much less Function, Extra Efficiency ? The primary reason why you will need to have a service of this type is simply because it will mean much less operate within the long term. Your tasks won?t be related to technologies, and rather your business can move forward with relative ease. In-house staff generally occasions have much more operate to do than just focus on the managing of technological advances, which can occasionally bottleneck certain aspects of infrastructure. By removing that element, and obtaining a service, you can make certain that small business is moving forward at all hours with the day as well as night if will need be.
The aforementioned reasons are just some examples to consider when deciding whether or not to hire an IT organization for laptop or computer help services. Services are varied and you will find a whole lot extra arguments each for and against hiring outsourced IT providers. The above are just a couple of reasons that really should support maintain you motivated in hiring a team that?s currently operating in technology, instead of wanting to develop a ?dream team? for yourself. You can spend month right after month attempting to determine who to pick out to come on board and aid together with your tech requirements, or it is possible to let the specialists handle your wants with relative ease. By hiring an outside firm, you can also be saving a tremendous amount of cash that would otherwise be spent on an in-house IT Avery Hill?department. The long-term savings will trump the costs that you simply would must invest in receiving and forming a correct team to manage all tech assistance. Outside firms have knowledge and staff to manage any and all desires that arise, so your enterprise is covered.
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Monday, February 27, 2012
Ladies Issues ? Report from UN on Women's Rights
[unable to retrieve full-text content]Ladies Issues ? Report from UN on Women's Rights. The progress in ladies's problems may not be at the expected level, however it is getting into the proper direction. It's not progressed any faster as a result of the prejudices ...
Source: http://www.1directory.net/health-fitness/ladies-issues-report-from-un-on-womens-rights-8650.html
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AP source: Zimmerman, Nationals add $100M, 6 years
Washington Nationals third baseman Ryan Zimmerman fields a ground ball during the team's first official full squad workout at spring training baseball, Saturday, Feb. 25, 2012, in Viera, Fla. (AP Photo/Julio Cortez)
Washington Nationals third baseman Ryan Zimmerman fields a ground ball during the team's first official full squad workout at spring training baseball, Saturday, Feb. 25, 2012, in Viera, Fla. (AP Photo/Julio Cortez)
Ever since he became the Washington Nationals' very first draft pick, Ryan Zimmerman wanted to stay with the club for the long haul.
Now he'll get that wish.
The Nationals took what they hope is another step toward consistent contention by locking up their third baseman ? and the guy many still call the face of the franchise ? through 2019, adding six years to Zimmerman's existing contract in a deal announced Sunday.
The deal includes a full no-trade clause.
The extra six seasons are worth $100 million, a person familiar with the negotiations told The Associated Press. The person spoke on condition of anonymity because no financial terms were revealed publicly.
"It's nice that it's done," Zimmerman said at a news conference at the club's spring training stadium in Viera, Fla. "It's where I want to be. It's where I've always wanted to be."
He already was signed for 2012 and 2013, with $26 million remaining on the five-year, $45 million contract he got at the start of the 2009 season. He's now guaranteed $126 million over the next eight seasons, and there is a club option for 2020.
"I love pressure. I don't think people get these kinds of contracts that don't want to be in pressure situations. Ever since I've been here, I've wanted to be the guy that's up last in the ninth inning," Zimmerman said. "I've wanted to be the guy that everyone looks to. I've wanted to be the so-called leader. I relish being that guy. I love it. I wouldn't have it any other way."
He grew up not from the nation's capital in Virginia Beach, Va., and his parents still live there.
The two sides talked late into the night Saturday, making enough progress for the 27-year-old Zimmerman to extend a self-imposed deadline that coincided with that day's start of official full-squad workouts. He wanted to get a deal completed now or postpone talks until after the season so his contract situation wouldn't be a distraction in the clubhouse for the Nationals, who are hoping to finally be competitive in the NL East.
Washington finished third in the division in 2011, the franchise's best showing since moving from Montreal.
Zimmerman was the team's first draft pick after the Expos became the Nationals before the 2005 season ? he was taken No. 4 overall that year after playing college baseball at Virginia ? and he quickly emerged as Washington's best player.
He's been an NL All-Star, and also collected Gold Glove and Silver Slugger awards.
Last season, Zimmerman was limited by injuries to 395 at-bats over 101 games. He hit .289 with 12 homers, 21 doubles and 49 RBIs.
For his career, Zimmerman has a .288 batting average, 128 homers, 214 doubles, 498 RBIs, a .355 on-base percentage and .479 slugging percentage, and he's considered one of the top defensive third basemen in the majors.
He's also emerged as one of the leaders of the team in the clubhouse.
"In my opinion, it's just another indication the organization is moving in the right direction," shortstop Ian Desmond said. "To lock up a guy and show loyalty to your franchise player ... and to see 'Zim' be happy at home, and not to have to worry about that any more, it's going to be nice. I'm happy for him. We definitely need him."
More than a dozen Nationals teammates showed up for Sunday's news conference.
"It's great for them to come, obviously, to show their support. That's one of the reasons why I want to stay here," Zimmerman said. "I want to be with these guys for a long time."
The average annual value of Zimmerman's extension is $16.7 million; the average for the eight years works out to $15.75 million. Zimmerman is one of six major leaguers signed through at least 2019, joining Albert Pujols of the Angels, Cecil Fielder of the Tigers, Troy Tulowitzki of the Rockies, Ryan Braun of the Brewers and Matt Kemp of the Dodgers.
When Stan Kasten was team president, the Nationals had a policy against giving players no-trade clauses. But they added such a clause when they signed outfielder Jayson Werth to a $126 million, seven-year contract as a free agent last offseason.
And now they've done it for Zimmerman.
"I'd rather not give a no-trade than give a no-trade because it gives me more flexibility. But for players like this, if it's give a no-trade or not have the player, that's a pretty easy decision," general manager Mike Rizzo said.
Rizzo said the no-trade clause does not cover the 2012 and 2013 seasons, only the additional six years. Still, he said he won't trade Zimmerman.
"It comes into play when you have trust and honesty between both parties. We didn't go through this exercise and sign 'Zim' to a six-year (deal), plus an option year, to trade him in the next two years," Rizzo said. "With Mike Rizzo as the GM of the Nationals, he will not be traded in the next two years."
___
Freelance reporter Carl Kotala contributed to this report from Viera, Fla.
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Daytona 500 Start Time Delayed By Rain
DAYTONA BEACH, Fla. ? NASCAR's premier event, the season-opening Daytona 500, is being delayed by rain.
Although heavy showers have stopped and numerous jet driers are pushing water off Daytona International Speedway, radar shows more storm cells moving toward the high-banked track.
NASCAR executive Steve O'Donnell wrote on his Twitter feed that "we'll need some help as rain still headed this way."
Heavy showers drenched the famed speedway earlier Sunday, sending fans scattering for cover and leaving everyone in wait-and-see mode.
NASCAR officials intend to wait as long as possible in hopes of getting the 500-mile race in Sunday. NASCAR says Fox is committed to broadcasting the event, even it means going head to head with the NBA All-Star game and the Oscars.
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Sunday, February 26, 2012
Stock Market Update: Oil Extends Climb
[unable to retrieve full-text content]
Source: www.briefing.com --- Saturday, February 25, 2012
The CRB Index scored a 0.8% gain today. That helped fuel a weekly gain of 2.7%,... ...
Source: http://www.briefing.com/investor/popuppages/articlepopup.aspx?articleId=SI20120224153806
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Spirit Flow Energy - Healing and Communications ... - Internet Radio
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rwang0: @fscavo i second that. IT's the banks just trying to offload the debt on to average folks.
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@fscavo i second that. IT's the banks just trying to offload the debt on to average folks. 
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toyas_world: Performance: Alexandra Burke ? ?Elephant? (?Sports Relief?)? http://t.co/rcT0MnBN #retweet
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Performance: Alexandra Burke ? ?Elephant? (?Sports Relief?)? toyazworld.com/2012/02/26/per? #retweet 
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Zero-Gravity Roller Coaster Could Bring Weightless Thrills to Earth (SPACE.com)
[unable to retrieve full-text content]SPACE.com - Think about the tallest, wildest roller coaster you've ever been on. If a Southern California design firm has its way, you haven't felt anything yet.
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Saturday, February 25, 2012
UK suspect in Iran missile plot handed over to US (AP)
[unable to retrieve full-text content]AP - A retired British businessman accused of plotting to sell missile components to Iran headed to the United States Friday to face charges after failing to overturn an extradition order.
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cubadebate: Ra?l se re?ne con dos senadores de #EEUU http://t.co/99Kn7M9g @RaulCastroR #USA #Cuba #RaulCastro
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Ra?l se re?ne con dos senadores de #EEUU bit.ly/zL06ze @RaulCastroR #USA #Cuba #RaulCastro 
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Cops in riot gear break up Nike shoe ruckus
By msnbc.com staff and news services
More than 100 law enforcement officers in riot gear broke up an out-of-control crowd waiting to buy the new basketball shoes timed to be released during the NBA All-Star Game in Orlando.
Authorities say there were no injuries or arrests late Thursday outside the Florida Mall. They said the?crowd grew unruly as hundreds packed the parking lot waiting to buy the limited-edition Nike shoes, priced from $90 to $175, according to Foot Locker.
The retailer is releasing 16 versions of?All-Star Weekend sneakers. The Jordan 2012 Year of the Dragon shoe, priced at $223, is scheduled to go on sale on Feb. 25.
The Orlando Sentinel reported that the crowd was asked to wait across the street when the mall closed. But one person ran toward the?Foot Locker and others followed. Authorities formed a line and used shields to push back the crowd.
WESH.com reported that even after Orange County Sheriff's Office deputies announced there would be no shoe release at the Foot Locker store on Friday, the crowd remained. They waited in parking lots throughout the night.
Members of the crowd said the shoes are a limited edition and they do not want to miss out on buying them, WESH.com reported.
"Due to safety concerns, we are canceling the All-Star releases this weekend ... at the following Foot Locker House of Hoops stores: Florida Mall, Pembroke Mall, University Mall in Tampa, Southlake Mall and PG Plaza," read a statement released Friday on the Foot Locker website.
"Our priority is the safety of the community."
At a mall in Hyattsville, Md., police said Friday they arrested one person for disorderly conduct as a crowd of more than 100 awaited the shoes' release.
The Associated Press contributed to this report.
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Source: http://usnews.msnbc.msn.com/_news/2012/02/24/10496490-cops-in-riot-gear-break-up-nike-shoe-melee
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Friday, February 24, 2012
Secrets to Building Your Network Marketing ... - Home-Based Business
Interested in building your network marketing business online, fast?
The secret is to form an automatic system to generate leads, chase up, make sales, sign up new distributors, provide training to your team and then teach your leaders how to do the same. Systems, marketing, automation and downline duplication are the keys to reaching enormous success. Read more about it here
Finding a way to take consistent action to introduce your products, services and business opportunity to new people on a constant basis over an extended period is the answer you are looking for. We?ll take a close look now at what it really takes to get the task finished.
Building Your Network Marketing Business Offline
Historically, building your network marketing business meant approaching loved ones and work-mates with an invite to come to a home party, personal business reception or attend a hotel meeting to watch a short 30-45 minute business opportunity show. There were often simple video, DVD or slideshow presentation formats with the compensation mapped out on a whiteboard.
Once an individual exhausted their warm market contacts, the information was typically to start advertising for new prospects and customers using minimal cost classified advertisement or by hanging business opportunity fliers all over city. Another mainstay was called the ?three foot rule? which boils down to making connections with anybody within a three-foot radius of where you are now standing.
These techniques work, have worked and continue to work. Many thousands of people have built wonderfully profitable businesses using these technique. The power lies in the simplicity of the system which makes it simple for everyone to get started. There?s also a lot to be said for group dynamics and delicate social evidence group meetings create.
Building Your Network Marketing Business Online
Utilizing the worldwide reach of the internet, live video streaming technology, email and instant messaging models like Skype, building your network marketing business has never been simpler or even more suitable to do. In fact , you can actually build a profitable MLM business into a nice six-figure, even 7-figure earnings range without ever leaving your home. All you need is a PC, internet access and maybe a phone.
What you do to build up your business online is precisely what you do to build a business offline. You connect to people. You connect to people you know ( warm market marketing ) and connect with people you do not know ( cold market marketing ). The difference is The speed and straightforwardness of making this occur on a constant basis. You can see an example by looking here
Before it?d cost you over $1,000 to host, set up and present at a medium sized hotel meeting with 200 guests. Today you need to use web meeting software like GoToMeeting.com to live show to one thousand people for only $97. Even better, you can use LiveStream.com to host a live meeting and stream the recording to an infinite number of worldwide spectators for approximately the exact same price.
Building your network marketing business online also makes lead generation and follow up a breeze. You can build a blog, participate in forums, offer free tips, tricks and coaching on demand. See My Lead System Pro for a turnkey answer to help you make this happen today.
Get more on network marketing business by reading this post, and clicking on My Lead System Pro the system that shows step by step lead generation and how to develop endless leads for your business opportunity mlm.
Source: http://seriessehomebusiness.com/secrets-to-building-your-network-marketing-business-online/
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Key West, Florida: Bed and Breakfast Inns That Reinvigorate ...
[unable to retrieve full-text content]Key West, Florida: Bed and Breakfast Inns That Reinvigorate. Posted by admin on February 23rd, 2012. Is the duration Realistically used Here's Making an effort Few playing? Unfortunately, The particular disturbance and difficulties of i'm ...
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Why Invest in a Real Estate Syndication? ? Newburger-Andes ...
Advantages of Real Estate Syndicate Investing
In today?s economy, there are no sure investments.? Many investors have been stunned by steep losses in the stock market and real estate and have moved their money to safe investments like CDs and money market accounts.? As the economy begins growing again, many investors will start looking for investments which minimize their risk and chance of loss.? One way to minimize risk and yet still take advantage of the historical trend toward increasing real estate values is by using real estate syndicates to invest in larger properties which spread out risk.? A real estate syndicate is an unofficial term used to describe a pooled real estate investment group.? In a nutshell, it is the process of combining capital from a group of investors to purchase real estate.? Real estate syndication allows a group of individuals to combine private savings to purchase larger real estate investments for which other financing is not available.? This method of real estate investing has been a popular method of financing the purchase and sale of commercial properties such as shopping centers, office buildings and warehouses.? Every real estate syndicate is different, and dictated by the terms of the agreement which is drafted to define the purpose and powers of the syndicate. Typically these real estate investment vehicles are structured using some form of partnership agreement or limited liability company (LLC).
Advantages of Real Estate Syndicates
These investment vehicles are essentially smaller versions of Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs), which is a much larger investment vehicle which serves as a conduit for the real estate investments of its shareholders. Because real estate syndicates are not publicly traded, they are less liquid than shares in a REIT.? Although investing in a real estate syndicates is not for everyone, there are certain distinct advantages compared to direct ownership of real estate. These advantages include:
Superior Expertise, Discount Price
One of the primary advantages of syndicates is the ability of many investors to leverage expertise.? Rather than relying on one person?s knowledge as is the case whenever an individual makes a self-directed investment, a syndicate can bank on the knowledge and skills of numerous real estate professionals.? Nonprofessional investors who don?t have the time or inclination to learn every aspect of owning and managing real estate investment can benefit from someone else?s skills and experience negotiating purchase agreements, financing a purchase, negotiating leases and managing the property.
Cost savings
There are economies of scale to investing with others. By pooling funds, a small real estate syndicate can achieve cost savings as compared to an individual investor.? A well-funded syndicate can make a substantial down payment on a property and leverage their capital to create improvements and increase returns.
Diversification
Another advantage of syndication is that it enables an individual investor with limited funds to diversify among a number of different properties, or to purchase a larger investment with multiple tenants.? Diversification helps to safeguard against significant losses in real estate.
Cash Reserves
Syndication can assure that there is enough cash in reserve to help weather any economic downturns or temporary shortfalls.
First Things First: Beginning Syndication
The first step in forming a real estate syndicate is to identify the type of investment and the market area.? Because it is wise to invest close to home, you should first look at investments close by. You should also decide on the scope of the syndicate ? how many investors are going to be involved.? A syndicate can consist of as few as 2-3 investors to as many as 50 investors. It can be helpful if all the investors are known personally by the organizer.? In addition, you should be sure the organizer is someone who has knowledge and experience and is capable of handling raising the capital, identifying the right property to purchase, and managing the property.? Additionally, great care must be put into drafting the syndicate agreement. This is the ?Constitution? which will guide the investment group no matter what happens in the future. If you are planning on investing a significant sum in this investment vehicle, you should spend a fair amount of time and money on getting legal advice on this foundational document.? Real Estate syndicate investing can be a savvy way to make your money grow, especially in today?s economy. As with any investment however, it is best to proceed with caution and due diligence before acting too quickly.
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Contemporary Oil Paintings for Any Decor | Monster Article
No matter if your home is furnished with antiques, conventional or ultra-modern, contemporary oil paintings go with any decor. Wonderful abstract or modernist paintings add a touch of sophistication along with a focal point to any room. Nothing surpasses the beauty of a hand painted function of art, prints and posters merely cant compare. So, if youre trying to find the best addition to your house, look no further than an oil painting. You will be amazed in the richness, the depth of color plus the way a well-lighted oil painting draws the attention of everyone in the room.
For anyone who is seeking merely to highlight a particular decorating theme or color palette, pick a painting that uses exactly the same motifs or colors as the room itll be placed in. If the space overlooks a garden, or has a floral theme, find a modern oil paintings for sale that repeats the floral mode. Non-geometric abstract paintings generally bring to mind gardens full of blooming flowers, and these make an excellent option to get a space decorated in floral tones.
A room decorated with antique furniture comes to life with a bold contemporary work of art above a sideboard or mantle. Be sure to highlight the painting with focused lighting. Something completed in striking colors that complement your accent colors could be excellent. Just as a delightful oil painting can bring a space of antiques to life, it could also offer the focal point of a starkly modern decor. Sleek chrome and leather can from time to time appear cold and unwelcoming, but a splash of bright color on the wall adds a touch of surprise and warmth.
Contemporary oil paintings demand an uncluttered, well-lit wall to showcase their beauty. Regardless of whether you happen to be choosing the oil painting reproductions according to its bold use of color or its topic matter, allow every painting to stand alone so the eye just isnt distracted by other functions of art. Many modern day oils are ready to hang without a frame, but this can be a personal choice. They also look extraordinary framed.
Pay a visit to their website for more information about portait paintings and have the delight of having the masterpiece you want? and give character to your every room!
Source: http://monsterarticle.info/contemporary-oil-paintings-for-any-decor.html
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Thursday, February 23, 2012
OPERA experiment reports anomaly in flight time of neutrinos from CERN to Gran Sasso
ScienceDaily (Feb. 23, 2012) ? The OPERA collaboration has informed its funding agencies and host laboratories that it has identified two possible effects that could have an influence on its neutrino timing measurement. These both require further tests with a short pulsed beam. If confirmed, one would increase the size of the measured effect, the other would diminish it.
The first possible effect concerns an oscillator used to provide the time stamps for GPS synchronizations. It could have led to an overestimate of the neutrino's time of flight.
The second concerns the optical fibre connector that brings the external GPS signal to the OPERA master clock, which may not have been functioning correctly when the measurements were taken. If this is the case, it could have led to an underestimate of the time of flight of the neutrinos.
The potential extent of these two effects is being studied by the OPERA collaboration. New measurements with short pulsed beams are scheduled for May.
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Source: http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/02/120223081231.htm
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A Guide for the Perplexed | The Daily Omnivore
A Guide for the Perplexed is a short book by E. F. Schumacher, published in 1977. The title is a reference to Maimonides?s ?The Guide for the Perplexed.? Schumacher himself considered ?A Guide for the Perplexed? to be his most important achievement, although he was better known for his 1974 environmental economics bestseller ?Small Is Beautiful,? which made him a leading figure within the ecology movement. His daughter wrote that her father handed her the book on his deathbed, five days before he died and he told her ?this is what my life has been leading to.? The book is a statement of the philosophical underpinnings that inform ?Small is Beautiful.?
Schumacher describes his book as being concerned with how man lives in the world. It is also a treatise on the nature and organization of knowledge and is something of an attack on what Schumacher calls ?materialistic scientism.? Schumacher argues that the current philosophical ?maps? that dominate western thought and science are both overly narrow and based on some false premises.
However, this book is only in small part a critique. Schumacher spends the greater part of it putting forward and explaining what he considers to be the four great truths of philosophical map making: 1) The world is a hierarchical structure with at least four ?levels of being?; 2) The ?Principle of Adequateness? determines man?s ability to accurately perceive the world; 3) Man?s learning relates to four ?fields of knowledge?; and 4) The art of living requires an understanding of two types of problem: ?convergent? and ?divergent.?
Schumacher was very much in?favor?of the scientific spirit; but felt that the dominant methodology within science, which he called materialistic scientism was flawed; and stood in the way of achieving knowledge in any other arena than inanimate nature. Schumacher believed that this flaw originated in the writings of Descartes and Francis Bacon, when modern science was first established.
He makes a distinction between the descriptive and instructional sciences. According to Schumacher the descriptive sciences are primarily concerned with what can be seen or otherwise experienced, e.g. botany and sociology, while the instructional sciences are concerned with how certain systems work and can be manipulated to produce certain results, e.g. biology and chemistry. Instructional science is primarily based on evidence gained from experimentation.
Materialistic scientism is based on the methodology of the instructional sciences, which developed to study and experiment with inanimate matter. According to Schumacher many philosophers of science fail to?recognize?the difference between descriptive and instructional science; or ascribe this difference to stages in the evolution of a specific science; which for these philosophers means that the instructional sciences are seen as being the most advanced variety of science.
He is particularly offended by the view that instructional science is the most advanced form of science; because, for Schumacher, it is the study of the low hanging fruit, or less metaphorically the study of the lowest and least complex level of being. As Schumacher sees it, knowledge gained about the higher levels of being, while far harder to get and far less certain, is all the more valuable.
He argues that applying the standards and procedures of instructional science to descriptive sciences is erroneous, because in the descriptive fields it is simply not possible to use the experimental techniques of instructional sciences. Experimentation is a very effective methodology when dealing with inanimate matter; but applying it to the living world is liable to destroy or damage living things and systems, and is therefore inappropriate.
He uses the term scientism because he argues that many people, including some philosophers of science, have misunderstood the theory behind instructional science and believe that it produces truth. But the instructional sciences are based on induction; and as David Hume famously points out induction is not the same as truth. Furthermore, according to Schumacher, instructional sciences are primarily concerned only with the parts of truth that are useful for manipulation, i.e. they focus on those instructions which are necessary to reliably produce certain results. But this does not mean that an alternative instruction set won?t work, or indeed an alternative instruction set based on quite different principles. For Schumacher, instructional sciences therefore produce theories which are useful: pragmatic truths. By contrast, Schumacher argues that the descriptive sciences are interested in the truth in the wider sense of the word.
He argues that materialistic scientism follows a policy of leaving something out if it is in doubt. Consequently, the maps of western science fail to show large ?unorthodox? parts of both theory and?practice?of science and social science, and reveal a complete disregard for art and many other high level humanistic qualities. Such an approach, Schumacher argues, provides a gray, limited, utilitarian worldview without room for vitally important phenomena like beauty and meaning.
He observes that the mere mention of spirituality and spiritual phenomena in academic discussion is seen as a sign of ?mental deficiency? among scientists. Schumacher argues that where there is near total agreement a subject becomes effectively dead; and it is the subjects where there is doubt that deserve the most intense research. Schumacher believes in contrast to materialistic science that what is in doubt should be shown prominently, not hidden away or ignored.
His biggest complaint against materialistic scientism is that it rejects the validity of certain questions, which for Schumacher are actually the most important questions of all. Materialistic scientism rejects the idea of levels of being; but for Schumacher this leads to a one sided view of nature. For Schumacher, you can learn much about man by studying from the perspective of minerals, plants and animals, because man contains the lower levels of being. But that is not the full or even the most important part of the story, as he puts ??everything can be learned about him (man) except that which makes us human.?
Schumacher first notes that the evolutionist doctrine clearly sits in the descriptive sciences rather than instructive sciences. Schumacher accepts that evolution as a generalization within the descriptive science of biological change has been established beyond any doubt whatsoever.
However, he considers the ?evolutionist doctrine? to be a very different matter. The evolutionist doctrine purports to prove and explain biological change in the same manner as the proof and explanation offered by the instructional sciences. Schumacher quotes the 1975 ?Encyclop?dia Britannica? as an example of this view ?Darwin did two things: he showed that evolution was in fact contradicting scriptural legends of creation and that its cause, natural selection, was automatic leaving no room for divine guidance or design.?
He considers the evolutionist doctrine to be a major philosophical and scientific error. Schumacher argues that the evolutionist doctrine starts with the perfectly reasonable explanation of change in living beings, and then jumps to using it as an explanation for the development of consciousness, self-awareness, language, social institutions and the origin of life itself. Schumacher points out that making this conceptual leap simply does not meet the standards of scientific?rigor?and the uncritical acceptance of this leap is, for Schumacher, completely unscientific. For instance, until scientists can mix together non-living substances in a laboratory and create life, using evolution as an explanation for the origin of life remains a hypothesis. Indeed, evolutionary studies do not aim to prove the origin of life and it is, rather, other fields of biology which are interested how life might have arisen from matter, for example abiogenesis and similar scientific endeavours. Further, although evolution can be used to portray more ?commonsense? views of evolution, there is still a substantial amount of evidence for such ideas as the evolution of language and consciousness.
For Schumacher one of science?s major mistakes has been rejecting the traditional philosophical and religious view that the universe is a hierarchy of being. Schumacher makes a restatement of the traditional chain of being.
He agrees with the view that there are four kingdoms: Mineral, Plant, Animal, Man. He argues that there are critical differences of kind between each level of being. Between mineral and plant is the phenomenon of life, As Schumacher says though scientists say we should not use the phrase ?life energy,? the difference still exists and has not been explained by science. Schumacher points out that though we can?recognize?life and destroy it, we can?t create it. Schumacher notes that the ?life sciences? are ?extraordinary? because they hardly ever deal with life as such, and instead content themselves with?analyzing?the ?physico-chemical body which is life?s carrier.? Schumacher goes on to say there is nothing in physics or chemistry to explain the phenomenon of life.
For Schumacher, a similar jump in level of being takes place between plant and animal, which is differentiated by the phenomenon of consciousness. We can?recognize?consciousness, not least because we can knock an animal unconscious, but also because animals exhibit at minimum primitive thought and intelligence. The next level, according to Schumacher, is between Animal and Man, which are differentiated by the phenomenon of self consciousness or self awareness. Self consciousness is the reflective awareness of one?s consciousness and thoughts.
He notes increasing integration is a consequence of levels of being. A mineral can be subdivided and it remains of the same composition. Plants are more integrated; but sometimes parts of a plant can survive independently of the original plant. Animals are physically integrated; and so an appendage of an animal does not make another animal. However, while animals are highly integrated physically, they are not integrated in their consciousness. Humans, meanwhile are not only physically integrated but have an integrated consciousness; however they are poorly integrated in terms of self consciousness.
Another interesting progression, for him, is the change in the richness of the world at each level of being. A mineral has no world as such. A plant has some limited awareness of its immediate conditions. An animal, however, has a far more rich and complex world. Finally, humans have the most rich and complicated world of all. Indeed Schumacher says it could be argued that only humans are the truly ?real,? given only they experience all the levels of being.
For Schumacher,?recognizing?these different levels of being is vital, because the governing rules of each level are different, which has clear implications for the?practice?of science and the acquisition of knowledge. Schumacher denies the democratic principles of science. He argues that all humans can?practice?the study of the inanimate matter, because they are a higher level of being; but only the spiritually aware can know about self consciousness and possibly higher levels. Schumacher states that ?while the higher comprises and therefore in a sense understands the lower, no being can understand anything higher than themselves.?
Schumacher argues that by removing the vertical dimension from the universe and the qualitative distinctions of ?higher? and ?lower? qualities which go with it, materialistic scientism can in the societal sphere only lead to moral relativism and utilitarianism. While in the personal sphere, answering the question ?What do I do with my life?? leaves us with only two answers: selfishness and utilitarianism.
In contrast, he argues that appreciating the different levels of being provides a simple, but clear morality. The traditional view, as Schumacher says, has always been that the proper goal of man is ??to move higher, to develop his highest faculties, to gain knowledge of the higher and highest things, and, if possible, to ?see God.? If he moves lower, develops only his lower faculites, which he shares with the animals, then he makes himself deeply unhappy, even to the point of despair.? This is a view, Schumacher says, which is shared by all the major religions. Many things, Schumacher says, while true at a lower level, become absurd at a higher level, and vice versa.
Schumacher does not claim there is any scientific evidence for a level of being above self consciousness, contenting himself with the observation that this has been the universal conviction of all major religions.
Schumacher explains that the bodily senses are adequate for perceiving inanimate matter; but we need ?intellectual? senses for other levels. Schumacher observes that science has shown that we perceive not only with the senses, but also with the mind. He illustrates this with the example of a complex scientific book; it means quite different things to an animal, illiterate man, educated man, and scientist. Each person possesses different internal ?senses? which means they ?understand? the book in quite different manners.
He argues that the common view that ?..the facts should speak for themselves? is problematic because it is not a simple matter to distinguish fact and theory or perception and interpretation. He quotes R. L. Gregory in ?Eye and Brain,? ?Perception is not determined simply by the stimulus pattern, rather it is a dynamic searching for the best interpretation of data.? He argues that we ?see? not just with our eyes; but our mental equipment and ?since this mental equipment varies greatly from person to person, there are inevitably many things which some people can ?see? while others cannot, or, to put it differently, for which some people are adequate while others are not.?
For him, higher and more significant perceptive abilities are based on the ability to be critically aware of one?s presuppositions. Schumacher writes ?There is nothing more difficult than to be aware of one?s thought. Everything can be seen directly except the eye through which we see. Every thought can be?scrutinized?directly except the thought by which we?scrutinize. A special effort, an effort of self-awareness is needed ? that almost impossible feat of thought recoiling upon itself: almost impossible but not quite. In fact, this is the power that makes man human and also capable of transcending his humanity.?
He notes that anyone who views the world through materialistic scientism this talk of higher perception is meaningless. For a scientist who believes in materialistic scientism, higher levels of being ?simply do not exist, because his faith excludes the possibility of their existence.? He points out that materialistic science is principally based on the sense of sight and looks only at the external manifestation of things. Necessarily according to the principle of adequateness, materialistic science cannot know more than a limited part of nature. Schumacher argues that by restricting the modes of observation, a limited ?objectivity? can be attained; but this is attained at the expense of knowledge of the object as a whole. Only the ?lowest? and most superficial aspects are accessible to objective scientific instruments.
He notes that science became ?science for manipulation? following Descartes. Descartes promised men would become ?masters and possessors of nature,? a point of view first?popularized?by Francis Bacon. For Schumacher this was something of a wrong turn, because it meant the devaluation of ?science for understanding? or wisdom. One of Schumacher?s criticisms is that ?science for manipulation? almost inevitably leads from the manipulation of nature to the manipulation of people. Schumacher argues that ?science for manipulation? is a valuable tool when subordinated for ?science for understanding? or wisdom; but until then ?science for manipulation? has become a danger to humanity.
Schumacher argues that if materialistic scientism grows to dominate science even further, then there will be three negative consequences: Quality of life will fall, because solutions of quantity are incapable of solving problems of quality. ?Science for understanding? will not develop, because the dominant paradigm will prevent it being treated as a serious subject. Problems will become insoluble, because the higher powers of man will atrophy through lack of use.
Schumacher argues that the ideal science would have a proper hierarchy of knowledge from pure knowledge for understanding at the top of the hierarchy to knowledge for manipulation at the bottom. At the level of knowledge for manipulation, the aims of prediction and control are appropriate. But as we deal with higher levels they become increasingly absurd. As he says ?Human beings are highly predictable as physico-chemical systems, less predictable as living bodies, much less so as conscious beings and hardly at all as self aware persons.? The result of materialistic scientism is that man has become rich in means and poor in ends. Lacking a sense of higher values Western societies are left with pluralism, moral relativism and utilitarianism, and for Schumacher the inevitable result is chaos.
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Schumacher identifies four fields of knowledge for the individual: My inner world, the inner worlds of others, my outer world, and the outer world of others. He notes that humans only have direct access to fields one and four. Field one is being aware of your feelings and thoughts and most closely correlates to self awareness. He argues this is fundamentally the study of attention. He differentiates between when your attention is captured by the item it focuses upon, which is when a human being functions much like a machine; and when a person consciously directs their attention according to their choosing. This for him is the difference between being lived and living.
Field two is being aware of what other people are thinking and feeling. We do experience a ?meeting of minds? with other individuals at certain times. People are even able to ignore the words actually said, and say something like ?I don?t agree with what you are saying; but I do agree with what you mean.? Schumacher argues that one of the reasons we can understand other people is through bodily experience, because so many bodily expressions, gestures and postures are part of our common human heritage. Schumacher observes that the traditional answer to the study of field two has been ?You can understand others to the extent you understand yourself.? Schumacher points out that this a logical development of the principle of adequateness, how can you understand someone?s pain unless you too have experienced pain?
Field three is understanding yourself as an objective phenomenon. Knowledge in field three requires you to be aware what other people think of you. Schumacher suggests that the most fruitful advice in this field can be gained by studying the Fourth Way concept of external considering. The chief difference between traditional schools and the fourth way is that ?they are permanent forms which have survived throughout history mostly unchanged, and are based on religion. Where schools of yogis, monks or fakirs exist, they are barely distinguishable from religious schools. The fourth way differs in that it is not a permanent way. It has no specific forms or institutions and comes and goes controlled by some particular laws of its own.?
Schumacher observes that relying on just field one knowledge makes you feel that you are the?center?of the universe; while focusing on field three knowledge makes you feel you far more insignificant. Seeking self knowledge via both fields provides more balanced and accurate self knowledge.
Field four is the?behaviorist?study of the outside world. Science is highly active in this area of knowledge and many people believe it is the only field in which true knowledge can be gained. For Schumacher, applying the scientific approach is highly appropriate in this field.
Schumacher?summarizes?his views about the four fields of knowledge as follows: ?Only when all four fields of knowledge are cultivated can you have true unity of knowledge. Instruments and methodologies of study should be only applied to the appropriate field they are designed for.? Clarity of knowledge depends on relating the four fields of knowledge to the four levels of being. The instructional sciences should confine their remit to field four, because it is only in the field of appearances that mathematical precision can be obtained. The descriptive sciences, however, are not behaving appropriately if they focus solely on appearances, and must delve in meaning and purpose or they will produce sterile results.
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Schumacher argues that there are two types of problems in the world: convergent and divergent. For him,?recognizing?of which type a problem it is one of the arts of living. Convergent problems are ones in which attempted solutions gradually converge on one solution or answer. An example of this has been the development of the bicycle. Early attempts at developing man-powered vehicles included three- and four-wheelers and involved wheels of different sizes. Modern bicycles look much the same nowadays. Divergent problems are ones which do not converge on a single solution. A classic example he provides is that of education. Is discipline or freedom the best way to teach? Education researchers have debated this issue for thousands of years without converging on a solution.
He?summarizes?by saying that convergent problems are those that are concerned with the non-living universe. While divergent problems are concerned with the universe of the living, and so there is always a degree of inner experience and freedom to contend with. According to Schumacher, the only solution to divergent problems is to transcend them, arguing that in education, for instance, that the real solution involves love or caring; love and discipline work effectively, but so does love and freedom.
Schumacher in a digression from his main argument discusses the nature and importance of art. He notes that there is considerable confusion about the nature and meaning of art; but argues that this confusion dissipates when one considers art with relation to its effect on human beings. Most art fits into two categories. If art is designed to primarily affect our feelings then it is entertainment; while if art is primarily designed to affect our will then it is propaganda. Great art is a multi-faceted phenomenon, which is not content to be merely propaganda or entertainment; but by appealing to man?s higher intellectual and emotional faculties, it is designed to communicate truth. When entertainment and propaganda are transcended by, and subordinated to the communication of truth, art helps develop our higher faculties and that makes it great.
Schumacher notes that within philosophy there is no field in more disarray than ethics. He argues that this is because most ethical debate sidesteps any ?prior clarification of the purpose of human life on the earth.? Schumacher believes that ethics is the study of divergent problems; which require transcendence by the individual, not a new type of ethics to be adopted by all.
He argues that there is an increasing recognition among individuals that many solutions to human problems must be made by individuals not by society, and cannot be solved by political solutions that rearrange the system. For Schumacher, the ?modern attempt to live without religion has failed.?
He says that the tasks of an individual can be summed up as follows: learn from society and tradition; interiorize this knowledge, learn to think for yourself and become self directed; and grow beyond the narrow concerns of the ego. Man, he says, in the larger sense must learn again to subordinate the sciences of manipulation to the sciences of wisdom; a theme he further develops in his book ?Small is Beautiful.?
Source: http://pbmo.wordpress.com/2012/02/21/a-guide-for-the-perplexed/
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